In a series circuit, what do all resistors share?

In a series circuit, all resistors share the total voltage of the circuit. This means that the sum of the voltage drops across each resistor equals the total voltage supplied by the source. When resistors are connected in series, the current through each resistor remains the same, but the voltage across each resistor can be different based on its resistance value. This allows the total voltage to be distributed among the resistors according to Ohm's Law (V = IR), where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

The other options, while related to circuit theory, do not accurately describe what is shared in a series configuration. The overall resistance of the circuit is the sum of the individual resistances, not something that is “shared.” The term “total voltage current” is not standard terminology in electrical theory and does not apply to the context of voltage distribution. Additionally, joules, which are a unit of energy, do not apply in this context to what resistors "share" in a series arrangement; they relate to the energy consumed but not directly to the voltage shared.