Which component of the x-ray circuit operates on the principle of mutual-induction?

The step-up transformer operates on the principle of mutual induction. In an x-ray circuit, the purpose of a step-up transformer is to increase the voltage from the primary side to the secondary side, which is essential for producing high-energy x-rays.

Mutual induction occurs when a changing current in one coil (the primary coil) induces a voltage in another coil (the secondary coil) placed close to it. This principle is fundamental to transformer operation, where the primary winding is connected to an alternating current, generating a magnetic field that induces a current in the secondary winding. The ratio of the number of turns between the primary and secondary coils determines the increase in voltage.

This is critical for creating the high voltages needed for x-ray production, as conventional mains voltage would be insufficient for this purpose. Other components involved in the x-ray circuit have different functions. For instance, an autotransformer also utilizes induction, but it primarily adjusts voltage levels through a single winding. The exposure timer is responsible for controlling the duration of exposure, while the kVp meter measures the kilovolt peak of the x-ray beam but does not operate on the mutual induction principle.