Which transformer configuration is primarily used for high-voltage applications in an x-ray machine?

The step-up transformer is primarily used for high-voltage applications in an x-ray machine because its main function is to increase the voltage from a lower voltage supply to a much higher voltage necessary for x-ray production. In an x-ray machine, high voltage is essential for accelerating electrons from the cathode to the anode in the x-ray tube. This high-voltage environment allows for the generation of x-rays when the accelerated electrons collide with the anode target.

The step-up transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where the primary coil receives input voltage and the secondary coil generates a higher output voltage. The transformation ratio between the coils determines how much the voltage will be increased. This makes the step-up transformer critical in achieving the necessary high voltages that can exceed several kilovolts for effective x-ray generation.

In contrast, the step-down transformer decreases voltage, making it unsuitable for high-voltage requirements. An auto-transformer serves to adjust voltage levels but does not provide the significant voltage increase that is crucial in x-ray applications. Rectifiers are used in the x-ray machine to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) but do not play a role in voltage transformation. Thus, the step-up transformer's role as a voltage